MR16

Overview

MR16 does not refer to a spotlight or a manufacturer, but to a standardized design for reflector lamps (light sources). The abbreviation stands for Multifaceted Reflector; the number 16 indicates the diameter of the reflector in eighths of an inch: 16/8 inches corresponds to 2 inches or approximately 50 mm. The designation therefore primarily describes the shape and size of the light source, not its light output or color temperature.

The faceted reflector sits directly behind the light source and bundles the light into a defined beam. Depending on the faceting, the spectrum ranges from narrow spot to wide flood. Classic MR16s are low-voltage halogen lamps; today, LED variants in MR16 design are also common.

Technical Characteristics

• Reflector Diameter: approx. 50 mm (2 inches, hence the designation "16")
• Base: for low-voltage versions typically GU5.3 (two-pin base, pin spacing 5.33 mm); mains voltage variants with different bases also exist
• Voltage: Low-voltage MR16s usually operate at 12 V and therefore require a transformer or ballast
• Reflector Type: dichroic (allows part of the heat radiation to pass through to the rear, the beam remains cooler) or aluminized (reflects heat forward with the light)
• Beam Characteristics: available from narrow spot to wide flood via faceting

Specific wattages, lumen, and Kelvin values depend on the respective light source model and manufacturer and should be indicated on the lamp data sheet.

Use on Set

In film and TV, MR16 is primarily known as a light source in very small spots, which are known in the industry as Birdies. These compact fixtures house an MR16 lamp and are suitable for accents, small set pieces, displays, and tight positions where a normal spotlight would be too large.

The dichroic reflector variant is popular when a comparatively low-heat beam of light is required, for example, with heat-sensitive subjects or confined setups. Since low-voltage MR16s are operated with a transformer, attention must be paid to a suitable power supply and dimmable ballast solutions for halogen versions.