Cinematographer
3D scans capture sets and locations that will later be extended digitally. I need to know which areas are being scanned so I can plan my shots accordingly.
Technology for digitally capturing real objects, people, or environments — generates precise 3D models for VFX, virtual production, and digital doubles.
What is 3D Scanning?
3D Scanning is the digital capture of real objects, people, or environments in three-dimensional form. The technology generates precise 3D models used in VFX, Virtual Production, and games.
Scanning Technologies
| Method | Principle |
|---|---|
| Photogrammetry | Multiple photos → 3D reconstruction |
| Structured Light | Light pattern projection |
| Laser/LiDAR | Laser distance measurement |
| Time-of-Flight | Light travel time measurement |
Application Areas
Person Scans
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Digital Double | Full body scan for stunt replacement |
| Face Scan | For digital replication |
| Body Scan | For costume assets |
| Expression Scan | Capturing facial expressions |
Object Scans
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Props | Digitizing props |
| Vehicles | For CGI extension |
| Costumes | Texture reference |
| Set Pieces | Partial set extension |
Environment Scans
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Location Scan | For digital extension |
| HDRI + Geometry | Complete lighting setup |
| Virtual Production | Real world as CG base |
| Archive | Sets for later use |
Workflow
On Set
| Phase | Activity |
|---|---|
| Preparation | Markers, reference objects |
| Capture | Perform scan |
| Quality Check | Identify gaps |
| Supplement | Rescan missing areas |
Post-Processing
| Step | Description |
|---|---|
| Alignment | Align scan data |
| Cleanup | Remove errors, noise |
| Retopology | Optimize mesh |
| Texturing | Apply color data |
| Delivery | Integrate into pipeline |
Equipment
| Device | Use |
|---|---|
| FARO | Precision LiDAR |
| Artec | Handheld scanners |
| PhotoScan/Metashape | Photogrammetry software |
| RealityCapture | Fast photogrammetry |
| iPhone/iPad LiDAR | Quick scans |
Quality Factors
| Factor | Influence |
|---|---|
| Resolution | Level of detail |
| Texture Quality | Realism |
| Geometry Precision | Fit accuracy |
| Gap-Free | Rework effort |
Costs
| Scan Type | Approximate Costs |
|---|---|
| Object (small) | €500–€2,000 |
| Person (full body) | €2,000–€10,000 |
| Location | €5,000–€50,000 |
| High-End Digital Double | €50,000+ |
Challenges
| Problem | Solution |
|---|---|
| Shiny Surfaces | Matte spray, polarization |
| Hair | Separate treatment |
| Movement | Fast capture, multi-camera |
| Large Areas | LiDAR, drone photogrammetry |
Today
3D scanning is essential for modern VFX. From digital doubles in blockbusters to virtual production – precise real-world data forms the basis for convincing CGI.
From the crafts
Perspectives
Director
3D scanning gives me the freedom to use actors or sets digitally – for stunts that would be too dangerous, or scenes that are physically impossible.
Producer
3D scans reduce VFX costs through precise data. A good scan on set saves weeks of manual modeling in post.
More in the lexikon
Related terms
VFX · Berufe
3D Modeler
VFX specialist creating three-dimensional digital assets — from characters and vehicles…
Lighting · Equipment
Digital Double
VFX · Technique
Photogrammetry / Photo Scanning / Image-Based Modeling
VFX · Technique
LiDAR / Light Detection and Ranging / Laser Scanning
VFX · Technique
Motion Capture / MoCap
Technology for capturing and digitally recording body movements of actors or objects for…
Test your knowledge
Quiz
1. Was beschreibt „3D-Scan" am besten?
2. Zu welchem Department gehört „3D-Scan"?
3. Wie viele verschiedene Fachperspektiven bietet dieser Eintrag?