Camera filter with fine grid that transforms point light sources into cross-shaped light rays with four symmetrical rays.
The "4-Point Star" (German: Vierstrahl-Sternfilter, also Cross-Screen-Filter) is an optical effect filter placed in front of the camera lens. It transforms point-like, specular light sources – such as streetlights, candles, reflections on glass or jewelry, and nighttime lights – into four-pointed light stars. It is not a lighting or grip device, but camera accessory from the realm of optical effect filters.
The effect is created by a fine grid of lines engraved into the filter surface. In a 4-point filter, two sets of lines cross at right angles, causing light to diffract along these axes and form four rays. More sets of lines result in more rays (typical variants: 4-, 6-, and 8-point stars).
The lines engraved into the optical glass diffract light (diffraction) and deflect it along fixed axes. This leads to:
Specific dimensions depend on the manufacturer and model. In Tiffen's Star-FX series, the grid spacing (line raster) determines the width and extent of the rays:
| Feature | Specification |
|---|---|
| Filter Type | Optical Effect/Star Filter (Cross Screen) |
| Number of Rays | 4 (four-pointed star) |
| Grid Spacing (Tiffen Star FX) | e.g., 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm – larger spacing = wider spread rays |
| Mount | Rotatable for star alignment |
| Mounting | Screw-in or matte box/drop-in filter, depending on size |
The 4-Point Star is used specifically to dramatize light points and emphasize highlights – for example, in night shots with city lighting, in jewelry, product, and glass shots, or for a glamorous, "dreamy" image mood. The four-pointed star appears distinct and stylized; multi-pointed variants (6/8 points) create a finer, more uniform sparkle effect. The effect was common in Old Hollywood productions and experienced a comeback in glamour photography in the 1970s.
Practically, the look can be controlled via the aperture: a smaller aperture generally enhances the star effect. For precise ray direction, the filter mount is rotated; in moving images, this can be deliberately used as a dynamic creative tool.
As a cinematographer, I use the 4-point star specifically for atmospheric light accents, especially in available light situations at dusk. I pay meticulous attention to ensuring the filter is clean and test the effect beforehand at different aperture settings, as the ray length changes significantly.
For me, the 4-point star is a wonderful stylistic device for creating romantic or fairytale-like atmospheres without overdoing it. I always discuss its use beforehand with my cinematographer, as the effect can strongly influence the emotional impact of a scene and must fit the film's overall aesthetic.
The 4-point star is a cost-effective creative tool that bypasses complex post-production effects and can be used directly on set. I make sure various filter strengths are available, as reordering during shooting can become time-consuming and expensive.
1. Zu welchem Department gehört „4-Punkt-Stern"?
2. Wie viele verschiedene Fachperspektiven bietet dieser Eintrag?
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