Filmlexikon.
Support
Vizelex
Camera · Terms

Vizelex

Murnau AI illustration
flow para roll take

External viewfinder system with 45° mirror and ground glass, mounted between camera and lens. Developed 1948 by SOM Berthiot; displays laterally correct but inverted image without parallax error.

Technical Details

The Vizelex setup consists of a mirror housing with a 45° surface mirror (typically 25-35mm in diameter), a ground glass in the format of the film size used, and a loupe system with 2.5-4x magnification. For 35mm cameras, the ground glass measures exactly 24x18mm. The housing is mounted between the camera and the lens, extending the optical path by 38-42mm, which requires a correction of the focus setting by this amount. High-quality Vizelex systems feature interchangeable ground glasses with various reticles and swiveling mirrors for through-the-lens viewing shots.

History & Development

The Vizelex was developed in 1948 by the French company SOM Berthiot and first used for the Caméra Éclair 16. Further development by Angenieux from 1952 onwards brought more precise optics and more stable housings. In the 1960s, the Vizelex established itself as a standard viewfinder system for documentary cameras like the Arriflex 16ST. With the introduction of integrated single-lens reflex viewfinders in the 1970s (Arriflex 35BL, 1972), the external Vizelex system lost importance. Modern digital cameras use electronic viewfinders, making mechanical Vizelex systems obsolete.

Practical Use in Film

Documentary filmmakers like Richard Leacock used Vizelex systems in the early Cinéma Vérité productions of the 1960s for precise image composition during handheld shots. In feature films like "Jules et Jim" (1962), the Vizelex allowed for spontaneous camera work in confined spaces. The main advantage lies in exact image control without parallax error, the disadvantage in light reduction by about one f-stop and mechanical susceptibility with intensive use.

Comparison & Alternatives

Unlike a prism viewfinder, the Vizelex shows a laterally correct but upside-down image. Modern successors are video assist systems and electronic viewfinders (EVF), which additionally provide exposure and color information. While the Vizelex operates purely optically, digital alternatives offer recording, magnification, and image analysis tools. For vintage cameras, the Vizelex remains the authentic solution; for contemporary productions, monitor systems are more practical and versatile.

From the crafts

Perspectives

Cinematographer

Ich schätze das Vizelex für seine optische Reinheit – kein elektronisches Rauschen oder Latenz, nur das reine Licht durch die Linse. Die Mattscheibe zeigt mir exakt die Schärfenverteilung und Bildkomposition, allerdings muss ich bei der Fokussierung die 40mm Verlängerung berücksichtigen. Bei Available-Light-Situationen wird das um eine Blende geschwächte Sucherbild problematisch dunkel.

Director

Das Vizelex zwingt mich zu bewussteren Bildentscheidungen, weil ich nicht einfach durchs Objektiv schauen kann wie bei modernen Kameras. Diese Verlangsamung kann kreativ wertvoll sein – jeder Schwenk und jede Einstellung will durchdacht sein. Für Period-Filme mit historischen Kameras ist es unverzichtbar, um authentische Kameraarbeit zu gewährleisten.

Producer

Ein Vizelex kostet zwischen 800-2.500 Euro für professionelle Systeme, bei Vintage-Produktionen aber unvermeidbar. Die Wartung ist aufwändig – Spiegel und Mattscheibe sind stoßempfindlich, Reparaturen dauern oft wochenlang bei spezialisierten Werkstätten. Für Budgetplanungen muss ich Backup-Equipment einkalkulieren, da Ausfälle während der Drehzeit teuer werden.

More in the lexikon

Related terms

Test your knowledge

Quiz

1. Zu welchem Department gehört „Vizelex"?

2. Wie viele verschiedene Fachperspektiven bietet dieser Eintrag?

Report an error
From the Filmfarm ecosystem

Understand visual language, budget productions, connect crew.

The Lexikon is part of the Filmfarm ecosystem — alongside budgeting (FilmBalance), an industry magazine (FilmCircus) and crew networking (FilmCall, CrewMesh). One shared vocabulary for the whole production.

FilmFarm FilmRadarComing soonFilmPulseComing soonFilmNumbersComing soonFilmCapitalComing soonFilmLabComing soonFilmBalanceComing soonFilmCircusComing soon