Cinematographer
From a DoP's perspective, this element is essential for the visual design. It allows me to consistently achieve the desired color mood and aesthetic image.
12kW HMI discharge lamp fixture with electronic ballast, used as Fresnel or PAR for high-intensity key and fill lighting on set.
Overview
"12000W HMI" (also "12kW HMI") does not refer to a single device, but rather a power class of HMI lights. HMI stands for Hydrargyrum Medium-arc Iodide, a discharge lamp (metal halide) whose light is daylight-balanced. With 12,000 watts of electrical power, these heads are among the most powerful single lights in a classic film and TV lighting inventory and are typically used as large-area daylight sources for exterior shots, window light simulation, or as bounce sources into large reflectors.
This power class is offered by several manufacturers in different designs, most commonly as Fresnel lights (directional, adjustable spot/flood light) and as PAR lights (with diffusion lens sets for different beam angles). Well-known fixtures in this class include the ARRI Compact 12000W Fresnel and the ARRI Arrisun 120 (PAR); other manufacturers include LTM and Lightstar.
Technical Data
HMI heads in this class operate with daylight-balanced light in the range of approximately 5,600 to 6,000 K. They are operated with a separate ballast; modern electronic ballasts (EVGs) provide flicker-free light and are significantly lighter and more compact than older magnetic ballasts.
| Feature | Value / Property |
|---|---|
| Lamp Type | HMI Metal Halide Discharge Lamp (Daylight) |
| Power | 12,000 W (12 kW) |
| Color Temperature | approx. 5,600-6,000 K |
| Designs | Fresnel and PAR |
| Ballast | Separate, electronic (flicker-free) or magnetic |
Single-ended lamps with a G38 or GX38 base are used as bulbs, such as the Osram 54113 (HMI 12000W/SE/XS). Such lamps are specified at around 6,000 K and have a manufacturer-stated average lifespan of approximately 300 hours. Double-ended variants also exist.
On-Set Usage
Due to the high electrical power requirement, a 12 kW head needs a corresponding power supply and is usually powered on set via a generator or a dedicated mains connection; handling falls under the responsibility of the gaffer and the lighting crew. The head and ballast are connected via a long head-to-ballast cable, allowing the heavy ballast to be placed away from the often high-rigged head.
This class is primarily used where high output is required: as an artificial sun through windows, for illuminating large exterior scenes against daylight, or as a hard or (via reflector/diffusion) soft daylight source. With an electronic ballast, flicker-free operation is also possible for high-speed shooting.
From the crafts
Perspectives
Producer
This professional solution increases production efficiency and reduces post-production requirements. It allows for flexible, quick adjustments during the shoot.
Gaffer
As a gaffer, this is an indispensable tool in my daily toolkit. It allows me professional light control and quick adjustments on set, which saves time and ensures quality.
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