Mole

Technical Details

Standard Moles operate at 2.5K, 5K, 10K, 18K, or 24K watts with a color temperature of 5,600K (daylight). The largest models, such as the 24K Mole, weigh up to 180 kg and require specially protected 380V three-phase power connections. Modern LED Moles achieve comparable light output with significantly lower power consumption (8K LED is equivalent to approximately 18K Tungsten) and offer variable color temperatures between 2,700K and 6,500K. The Fresnel lenses have diameters ranging from 300mm to 600mm and allow for a spot-to-flood range of 12° to 85°.

History & Development

Peter Mole developed the first professional carbon-arc spotlights for MGM Studios in 1927. In 1935, Mole-Richardson introduced the first Tungsten Moles, which set the standard until the 1980s. HMI technology revolutionized Mole design in 1969 with triple the light output at the same power. From 2010 onwards, LED Moles such as the ARRI SkyPanel or Aputure Light Storm established themselves, now accounting for 40% of the market.

Practical Use in Film

Moles primarily illuminate exterior shots in daylight, for example, for dialogue scenes in shadow or as fill light for backlight situations. In "Blade Runner 2049," Roger Deakins used 18K Moles to shape the monumental exterior shots of the cityscape. For night shoots, they simulate moonlight or artificial light sources like stadium lighting. Transportation requires special grip trucks with crane systems, as even 5K Moles with stands weigh 80 kg.

Comparison & Alternatives

Unlike Kino Flos (fluorescent tubes), Moles produce hard, directional shadows and are suitable for precise lighting control. LED walls are increasingly replacing Moles in VFX-heavy productions as they provide interactive light. Space Lights (2K-10K balloons) offer softer illumination with similar output but are susceptible to wind. For budget productions, multiple 1K Redheads often replace a single Mole but lack its light penetration power over long distances.