Sensor format approximately 22x15mm, offering a 1.5-1.6x crop factor compared to full frame.
Technical Details
Canon uses a sensor size of 22.2 × 14.8 mm with a crop factor of 1.6, while Sony, Nikon, and other manufacturers use 23.6 × 15.7 mm with a crop factor of 1.5. The resolution of modern APS-C sensors ranges from 16 to 32 megapixels. Due to the smaller sensor area, the photodiodes are smaller, which leads to increased image noise at the same pixel count. The depth of field is greater than with full-frame sensors at the same focal length and aperture.
History & Development
Canon introduced the first affordable digital SLR camera with an APS-C sensor in 2003 with the EOS 300D. Nikon followed in 2004 with the D70, Sony took over the Minolta division in 2006 and established the E-mount system. The breakthrough for mirrorless APS-C cameras came with Sony's NEX series in 2010. Today, mirrorless systems dominate the APS-C market, while DSLRs play only a minor role.
Practical Use in Film
APS-C cameras such as the Sony FX30, Canon EOS R7, or Fujifilm X-H2S are often used for documentaries, independent productions, and as B-cameras. The crop factor proves advantageous for telephoto shots – a 200mm lens appears like 300mm on full-frame. Netflix series like "The OA" have partially used Sony APS-C cameras for special sequences. The compact dimensions allow for gimbal setups that would be too cumbersome with full-frame cameras.
Comparison & Alternatives
Compared to full-frame sensors, APS-C offers lower costs for cameras and lenses, but poorer low-light performance and less natural bokeh. Micro Four Thirds (crop factor 2.0) is even more compact but with further compromises in image quality. Super35mm cinema cameras use sensor sizes similar to APS-C but are specialized for video production. Full-frame dominates high-end productions, while APS-C serves the mid-range market and mobile productions.